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Biofilm-based Healthcare-associated Infections: Volume I

Tác giả: Donelli, Gianfranco

Chủ đề:

Chủ đề: Medicine; Healthcare-associated; Infections

Nhà xuất bản: Springer

Năm xuất bản: 2015

Loại tài liệu: Book

Mô tả vật lý: 192 p.

Định danh: 978-3-319-11038-7

Ngôn ngữ: en

Liên kết: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology;Volume 830

Đọc trực tuyến

Tải tài liệu

The recently acquired knowledge on the pivotal role played by biofilm-growing microorganisms in healthcare-related infections has given a new dynamic to detection, prevention and treatment of these infections in patients admitted to both acute care hospitals and long-term care facilities. Clinicians, hygienists and microbiologists will be updated by leading scientists on the state-of-art of biofilm-based infections and on the most innovative strategies for prevention and treatment of these infections, often caused by emerging multidrug-resistant biofilm-growing microorganisms.

10: Biofilm-Based Central Line-ưAssociated Bloodstream Infections
- 10.1 Introduction
- 10.10 Prevention of CLABSIs
- 10.11 Management of Catheter Related Biofilm
- 10.2 Epidemiology
- 10.3 Adherence and Biofilm Formation
- 10.4 Extracellular Polymeric Substances
- 10.5 Quorum Sensing and Biofilm
- 10.6 Biofilm Dispersal
- 10.7 Dissemination of Biofilm and Bacteremia
- 10.8 Multi-species Biofilm and Its Clinical Relevance
- 10.9 Diagnosis
- References
Contents
Contributors
Index
Preface
Cover
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
Title pages
1: Biofilm Formation by Clinical Isolates and Its Relevance to Clinical Infections
- 1.1 Introduction
- 1.2 Biofilms from Aerobic Gram-ưPositive and Gram-Negative Bacteria
- 1.3 Biofilm Studies of Anaerobic Organisms
- 1.4 Biofilms in Clinical Isolates of Mycobacterium spp.
- 1.5 Biofilms in Cystic Fibrosis
- 1.6 Biofilms in Clinical Isolates of Candida spp.
- 1.7 Influence of Host Factors on Biofilm Formation
- 1.8 Clinical Studies of Patients with Bacterial Biofilms
- 1.9 Conclusion
- References
2: Biofilm-Based Implant Infections in Orthopaedics
- 2.1 Projections of Increase in Arthroplasty Numbers
- 2.2 Infection Burden for Arthroplasties
- 2.3 Current Classification of Prosthetic Infections
- 2.4 Epidemiology of Periprosthesis Infections in Our Experience
- 2.5 The Steps of Infection: From First Adhesion on Implant Materials to Biofilm Production
- 2.6 Prevalence of Adhesin Genes in Collections of Clinical Isolates from Periprosthesis Infections
- 2.7 Biofilm: Role of Biofilm in Implant Infections
- 2.8 Biofilm Structural Components: The Extracellular Polymeric Substance
  - 2.8.1 PIA and ica Locus
  - 2.8.2 ica-Independent Biofilm Production
  - 2.8.3 Extracellular DNA in Biofilm
- 2.9 The Problem of Etiological Diagnosis in Biofilm Infections
- 2.10 Clinical Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Infections
- 2.11 Sonication of Removed Implants
- 2.12 Future Perspectives: Infection-Resistant Materials
- 2.13 Conclusion
- References
3: Clinical and Microbiological Aspects of Biofilm-Associated Surgical Site Infections
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Biofilm-Mediate Acute and Late Onset Infection in the Surgical Patient
- 3.3 Mechanistic Aspects of Biofilm Formation in Host Tissues and Implantable Devices
- 3.4 Why Are Biofilms Difficult to Eradicate Using Antimicrobials?
  - 3.4.1 Penetration Failure
  - 3.4.2 Phenotypic Heterogeneity and Biofilm-Specific Phenotypes
  - 3.4.3 Persister Cells
- 3.5 Biofilms, Infection and Wound Healing in Chronic Surgical Wounds
- 3.6 Methods for Biofilm Removal: Maintenance Debridement
- 3.7 Future Strategies for Identify and Managing Chronic Surgical Wound
- 3.8 Treatment and Management of Biofilm-Mediated Infections
- References
4: Peri-Implant Infections of Oral Biofilm Etiology
- 4.1 Biofilms in the Oral Cavity
  - 4.1.1 Biofilms and Oral Disease
- 4.2 Dental Implants and Comparison to Natural Teeth
- 4.3 Peri-Implant Infections: Classification and Diagnosis
- 4.4 Peri-Implantitis as a Biofilm-ưInitiated Disease
  - 4.4.1 Peri-Implant Microflora Resembling Periodontal Microflora
  - 4.4.2 Distinct Peri-Implant Microflora
  - 4.4.3 Bacteria in the Implant-ưAbutment Interface
  - 4.4.4 Effect of Implant Surface on Biofilm
- 4.5 Histopathological Events in Peri-Implant Infections
  - 4.5.1 Immune Responses to Biofilm in Peri-Implant Infections
  - 4.5.2 Peri-Implant Crevicular Fluid as a Reservoir of Inflammatory Mediators
- 4.6 Treatment of Peri-Implant Infections
- 4.7 Concluding Remarks on Peri-ưImplant Infections
- References
5: Microbiological Diversity of Peri-ưImplantitis Biofilms
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Microbial Profile in Peri-Implantitis
- 5.3 The Role of Open-Ended Molecular Diagnostic Tests in the Study of Oral Biofilm Diversity
- 5.4 A Current Overview on the Microbial Diversity of Peri-Implantitis
- 5.5 Concluding Remarks
- References
6: Anaerobes in Biofilm-Based Healthcare-Associated Infections
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2 Lower Respiratory Tract Infections
- 6.3 Intestinal Infections
- 6.4 Intra-Abdominal Infections
- 6.5 Wound Infections
- 6.6 Urogenital Infections
- 6.7 Prosthetic Joint Infections
- 6.8 Bloodstream Infections
- 6.9 Conclusions
- References
7: Microbial Biofilm Development on Neonatal Enteral Feeding Tubes
- 7.1 Outlook on Neonates and Enteral Feeding
- 7.2 Microbial Flora of Enteral Feeding Tubes
- 7.3 Influence of Enteral Formula Feeding on Bacterial Adherence and Biofilm Development
- 7.4 Risk Factors of Infections to Enterally-Fed Neonates
- 7.5 Biofilms on Enteral Feeding Tubes and Antimicrobial Resistance
- 7.6 Prevention of Neonatal Infections Caused Be Contaminated Enteral Feeding
- References
8: Voice Prostheses, Microbial Colonization and Biofilm Formation
- 8.1 Head and Neck Cancer and Oncological Surgery
- 8.2 Voice Rehabilitation After Laryngectomy
- 8.3 Voice Prostheses
- 8.4 History of Voice Prostheses
- 8.5 Standard Prostheses in Clinical Practice
  - 8.5.1 Provox Voice Prostheses
  - 8.5.2 Blom-Singer Classic Voice Prosthesis
  - 8.5.3 Modified Prosthesis Designs for Improved Biofilm Resistance
    - 8.5.3.1 Provox ActiValve
    - 8.5.3.2 Blom Singer Advantage and Blom Singer Dual Valve
- 8.6 Limited Device Lifetimes of Voice Prostheses Due to Biofilm Formation and Device Malfunction
- 8.7 Communication-Related Outcome After Laryngectomy
- 8.10 Biofilm Formation on Voice Prostheses
  - 8.10.1 Macroscopy
  - 8.10.2 Microscopy
  - 8.10.3 Microbiology
  - 8.10.4 Material Degradation of Voice Prostheses
- 8.8 Complications of Voice Prostheses
- 8.9 Causes for Early Device Failures
- 8.11 Strategies to Avoid Biofilm Formation on Voice Prostheses
- References
9: Microbial Composition and Antibiotic Resistance of Biofilms Recovered from Endotracheal Tubes of Mechanically Ventilated Patients
- 9.1 Introduction
  - 9.1.1 Clinical Relevance of Biofilms
  - 9.1.2 Biofilm Formation on Endotracheal Tubes
  - 9.1.3 Investigating the Microbial Diversity and Antibiotic Resistance of the ET Biofilm Flora
- 9.2 Identification of Microorganisms in ET Biofilms
  - 9.2.1 Presence of Aerobic Nosocomial Pathogens in ET Biofilms
    - 9.2.1.1 Staphylococcus aureus
    - 9.2.1.2 Pseudomonas aeruginosa
    - 9.2.1.3 Acinetobacter spp.
    - 9.2.1.4 Enterobacteriaceae Including Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Enterobacter spp.
    - 9.2.1.5 Staphylococcus epidermidis
    - 9.2.1.6 Enterococcus faecium
  - 9.2.2 Presence of the Normal Oral Flora in ET Biofilms
  - 9.2.3 Presence of Yeasts in ET Biofilms
- 9.3 ET Biofilms Are Polymicrobial
- References