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Chi tiết tài liệu

Origin of Cancers: Clinical Perspectives and Implications of a Stem-Cell Theory of Cancer

Tác giả: Tu, Shi-Ming

Chủ đề:

Chủ đề: Medicine; Cancer

Nhà xuất bản: Springer

Năm xuất bản: 2010

Loại tài liệu: Book

Mô tả vật lý: 246 p.

Định danh: 978-1-4419-5968-3

Ngôn ngữ: en

Liên kết: Cancer Treatment and Research;Book 154

Đọc trực tuyến

Tải tài liệu

The theory of a stem-cell origin of cancer is neither ground breaking nor earth shattering. Many prominent investigators have established the foundation for this concept and performed the vital experiments to support its validity and merit. The purpose of this book is to illustrate how this theory may completely transform our current views and perspectives about cancer. It is anticipated that the variety of ramifications of a stem-cell origin of cancers will be embraced by the medical research community to bring new treatment modalities to the cancer patient.

Cover
Cancer Treatment and Research
Title pages
Preface
Acknowledgments
Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 2: Cancer Myths
- Introduction
- Stem-Cell Origin of Cancers
- Dedifferentiation of Cancer
- Magic Bullets
- Multistep Carcinogenesis
- Cancer Signatures
- Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
- Cancer Vaccine
- Gene Therapy
- Hypothesis-Generating Research
- Translational Research
- Technologic vs. Scientific Breakthroughs
- Curing Cancer
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 3: History of Cancer
- Introduction
- Paleo-oncology
- Civilization vs. Age
- Written Evidence
- Brief History of Cancer
- History of the Stem-Cell Theory
- Saint Peregrine
- Conclusion
- War on Cancer
- References
Chapter 4: Origin of Cancer
- Introduction
- Cancer Statistics
- Origin of Cancer
- Theoretical Oncologists
- Initiation and Promotion
- Oncogenes
- The Two-Hit Hypothesis
- Multistep Carcinogenesis
- Origins of Cancer, Revisited
- Stem-Cell Origin of Cancers
- Defining Idea
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 5: Stem Cells
- Introduction
- Précis
- Meristem Cells
- Regeneration
- Finding Stem Cells
- The Cell Concept
- Stemness
- The Nature of Stem Cells
- The Question of Stemness
- The Stemness Within
  - Parthenogenesis
- Beyond Stemness
- Cloning
- Reprogramming
- Portrait of a Stem Cell
- Unknown Unknowns
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 6: Stem Cells and Cancer
- A Tale of Two Cells
- Introduction
- Plight of the Tasmanian Devil
- Secondary Malignancy
- Chronic Injury and Repair
- Stem-Cell Therapy
- Cancer and Aging
- Met: The Missing Link?
- Telomerase in Cancer and Stem Cells
- Aneuploidy
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 7: Cancer Stem Cells
- Introduction
- Précis
- Invention of the Telephone
- Matter and Energy
- Pioneers of Cancer Stem Cell Research
- Cancer Stem Cells
- Origin of Cancer Stem Cells
- The Making of a Rogue Cell
- Snags in the Stem-Cell Theory
- Spontaneous Remissions
  - Succisa Virescit
- Putative Progenitor Stem Cells
- The CML Model
- Stem Cell vs. Progenitor Cell
- Conclusion
- Stem-Cell Theory of Cancer
- References
Chapter 8: Cancer Niche
- Introduction
- The Dynamic Niche
- The Embryonic Niche
- Niche Matters
- Yin and Yang
- Donor-Cell Leukemia
- EpithelialStromal Interactions
- Stromal Factors
- Hypoxia
- Niche as a Therapeutic Medium
- Niche as an Investigative Medium
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 9: Ontogeny and Oncology
- Introduction
- Précis
- The Nature of the Beast
- The Power of Reiteration
- Reactivation of Embryonic Genes
- Resurgence vs. Reprogramming
- Asymmetric Division
- Polycomb Silencers
- Compartmentalization of Cancer
- Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
- Clinical Implications
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 10: Diagnosis and Prognosis
- Introduction
- Cancer 101
- Lethal vs. Indolent Ca.ncers
- Personalized Cancer
- Stem-Cell Hierarchy
- Selection vs. Evolution
- Diagnosis and Prognosis
- Disease Selection by Therapy
- Methods and Norms
- Rosetta Stone or Tower of Babel?
- A Modest Proposal
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 11: Cancer Targets
- Précis
- Introduction
- Paradigm Shift
- Target du Jour
- Death by a Thousand Hits
- Stem-Cell Theory
- The Problem with the Gene Theory
- Credentialing Cancer Targets
- Necessity or Redundancy?
- The Making of Human Cancer Cells
- Cancer Targets in Nonmalignant Cells
- Field Defect
- Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy and Prostate Cancer
- Endometriosis and Ovarian Cancer
- Et Tu, Stromatogenesis?
- Targeted Therapy
- Clinical Implications
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 12: Heterogeneity of Cancer
- Introduction
- Précis
- Apples and Oranges
- Stem-Cell Theory
- The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly
- HOX Genes
- Origin of Heterogeneity
- Stem Cells and Heterogeneity
- Genetic Instability
- Pluripotency
- Clinical and Biologic Implications
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 13: Metastasis
- Introduction
- Précis
- A Perfect Storm
- Cell Migration and Tissue Repair
- A Modern Seed-and-Soil Theory
- The Metastatic Journey
- Stem Cells and Metastasis
- Final Fury
- Heterogeneity of Metastasis
- HostCell Interactions
- Stem-Cell Niche vs. Onco-Niche
- Clinical and Biologic Implications
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 14: Cancer Immunity
- Introduction
- Précis
- Immune Surveillance
- Human Leukocyte Antigen Expression
- Immunotolerance
- HLA-G and Immunotolerance
- The Meaning of b2M
- Immune Activation
- Minimal Residual Disease
- Cancer Vaccines
  - Melanoma
  - Cervical Carcinoma
  - Prostate Carcinoma
  - Renal-Cell Carcinoma
- Autoimmunity
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 15: Drug Resistance
- Introduction
- The Return of Cancer
- Worst Enemies
- ABC Transporters
- Apoptosis
- DNA Repair
- Teratomatous Tumors
- The Enigma of Somatic Cells
- The GoldieColdman Principle
- The Gompertzian Model
- Clinical Pitfalls
- Clinical Gems
- An Exercise in Futility
- An Uphill Battle
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 16: Paradigm Shifts
- Introduction
- Dedifferentiation
- Genetic Mutations
- Multistep Carcinogenesis
- The Story of Adenoma
- Its the Stem Cell!
- Metastasis
- Cancer Niche
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 17: Experimental Proof
- Introduction
- Précis
- The Culture of Cancer Research
- Experimental Proof Already Extant?
  - Mesenchymal Origin
  - Transplantation Studies
  - Heterogeneity Studies
  - Metastasis Studies
- Fundamental Flaws
- Experimental Proof Still to Be Found!
  - Circulating Tumor Cells
  - Hox Genes
- The Study of Stem Cells Helps the Study of Cancer
- The Study of Cancer Helps the Study of Stem Cells
- The Ultimate Experiment
- A Modest Proposal
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 18: Clinical Implications
- Introduction
- Response vs. Survival
- Clinical Trials
- The Problem with Randomization
- Clinical Perspectives
  - Cancer Screening
  - Cancer Targets
  - Diagnosis and Prognosis
- Therapeutic Implications
  - Chemoprevention
  - Surgery
  - Vaccine Therapy
  - Stem-Cell Therapy
- Future Research Directions
  - Cancer Stem Cells
  - Stem-Cell Research
  - Cancer Epigenetics
  - Angiogenesis
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 19: Curing Cancer
- Introduction
- Précis
- Conquest vs. Cure
- Personalized Therapy
- Chemoprevention
- Differentiation Therapy
- Surgery: To Operate or Not to Operate?
- Maintenance Therapy
- Targeted Therapy
- Basic Rules of Science
- Conclusion
- References
Chapter 20: Epilogue
- Introduction
- Cancers Boogeyman
- Legend of the Fall
- The Curse of Job
- A Tale of Two Cells
- The Big Fix
- Old Dogma and New Doctrine
- Quo Vadimus?
- Trade-offs
- Final Thoughts
Back-matter
- Glossary
- Index